Adenomyosis is a disease that is caused by the settling of the uterus lining in between the uterine muscle group. In general, this disease can cause severe menstrual cramps, contractions in the lower abdomen, and regional swelling during the PMS (Pre-menstrual Period).
Although it is called a benign condition, adenomyosis disease affects the patient's life negatively and interferes with daily life activities, so it is a disease that needs to be treated. Severe pain and accompanying bleeding are negative effects that make it necessary to be treated.
In adenomyosis, the tissue that covers the surface of the uterus, called the endometrium, grows into the muscle wall of the uterus. As a result of this phenomenon, the endometrial layer begins to thicken during the menstrual period, thins, and sheds with bleeding. Against this abnormality, adenomyosis tissue continues to behave like normal internal tissue, causing growth in the size of the uterus.
Adenomyosis disease varies from person to person and is seen in 2 different ways:
It is the most common type of adenomyosis. It is seen in the form of fibrosis and endometrial tissue islets in the uterine muscle layer as hard tissue.
It is a type of adenomyosis that can grow into the inner cavity of the uterus. The tissue may be in the image of fibroids.
The symptoms of adenomyosis disease vary from person to person, and in some cases, it may not cause symptoms because it does not cause any complaints. While it causes symptoms by causing minor ailments in various individuals, severe complaints may occur in some individuals, these are:
In addition to all these, it also causes such phenomena as depression, anxiety, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, tense mood, and anemia. It is not yet known whether adenomyosis disease is one of the causes of infertility.
Although there is no definite statement as to why estrogen-based adenomyosis disease occurs, some trigger elements have been revealed by research, although they are not certain.
In the diagnosis of adenomyosis, patient complaints are primarily addressed. If there is a suspicion of adenomyosis after the complaints are transferred to the doctor, a physical examination is performed. Conditions that occur in the uterus are detected by gynecological examination. The medical imaging methods used for the definitive diagnosis of adenomyosis are as follows:
Although the treatment methods vary from person to person, they are performed based on the expectation of pregnancy and the intensity of the symptoms. The method applied to patients presenting with mild symptoms and complaints is generally to give painkillers and apply heat to relieve cramps. The treatment methods used in patients with severe symptoms are as follows:
The treatment method that can be applied for individuals who want to get pregnant but have adenomyosis disease is pain-relieving drugs. Patients with severe pain and bleeding can use intrauterine devices containing progesterone only for as long as they want pregnancy.
Adenomyosis is a disease that is seen at a rate of 20% in general, and it is most commonly seen in women between the ages of 40 and 50. However, according to the data revealed by the latest researches, their incidence in young girls has also increased.
Adenomyosis, which is a disease that reduces the chance of conception, can prevent having a baby as a result of some secreted substances. In addition, it stands out as a negative factor for in vitro fertilization treatment because as a result of surgical removal of adenomyosis, deterioration in the structure of the inner surface of the uterus occurs, making it difficult for the fertilized embryo to adhere. In addition, ruptures that may occur in the uterus during pregnancy or childbirth are among the important risk factors.